Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastroenterostomy for malignant and benign gastric outlet obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) with a lumenapposing metal stent has been proposed as a treatment for patients with gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compute the technical success, clinical success and complication rates of EUS-GE in treating GOO due to either neoplastic or benign diseases.

Methods The literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from inception until January 23, 2025, according to the PRISMA and MOOSE statement guidelines. The primary objective was to assess both technical and clinical success. A secondary outcome was to rate the adverse events.

Results Data from 39 studies involving 2845 patients were analyzed. The pooled technical success rate was 95.1%, and the procedure was successful in 95.3% and 95.1% of patients with malignant or benign diseases, respectively. Clinical success was achieved in 93.5% of all patients where the procedure had technical success, and in 93.1% and 94.4% of those treated for malignant and benign conditions, respectively. The overall rate of adverse events was 18.5%, including perforation (4.4%), bleeding (2.7%), stent migration (1.4%), stent closure (3.3%), infection (4.4%), and fistula (2.3%). The procedure-related mortality was 1.4%.

Conclusion EUS-GE appears to be a viable approach for the treatment of GOO patients, for both malignant and benign diseases, with favorable outcomes and an acceptable safety profile.

Keywords Endoscopic ultrasonography, gastroenterostomy, gastric outlet obstruction, lumenapposing metal stent

Ann Gastroenterol 2025; 38 (5): 554-563